Armenia Travel Advice
Armenia is a small, landlocked country located in the South Caucasus region, bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran to the south.
Known for its rich cultural heritage, ancient history, and dramatic landscapes, Armenia is one of the oldest countries in the world, with a civilization that dates back thousands of years.
Armenia has a rich and ancient history, with roots in the Urartu kingdom (9th century BC) and later becoming a part of the Persian, Roman, and Byzantine empires. The country faced centuries of foreign rule until declaring independence from the Soviet Union in 1991.
It shares land borders with Algeria to the east and Western Sahara to the south, while also being geographically close to Europe, separated by the Strait of Gibraltar.
Morocco has a rich history, influenced by Berber, Arab, and European cultures. It has been a crossroads of civilizations due to its strategic position. Historically, Morocco was home to ancient Berber dynasties, Roman rule, and later Arab conquests, leading to the establishment of Islamic culture. French and Spanish colonial rule in the 20th century also left a significant mark on the country.
Morocco has a diverse economy driven by tourism, agriculture, manufacturing, and mining, particularly phosphates, where it holds some of the largest reserves in the world. The country is also investing in renewable energy, particularly solar power. While it is one of the more stable economies in Africa, Morocco still faces challenges like poverty and unemployment.
Visiting Armenia FAQsHire a bodyguard in Armenia
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Key Information for Armenia
Emergency Services
Police emergency: 102
Fire emergency: 101
Medical emergency: 103
Country Overview
Capital City: Yerevan
Official State Language(s): Armenian
Official State Religion(s): Christianity (Armenian Apostolic Church)
State Currency: Armenian Dram (AMD Դ)
Current Capital Time:
How safe is Armenia?
Armenia is experiencing a refugee crisis, with over 100,000 people fleeing from Nagorno-Karabakh to Armenia as of October 2023.
This influx of refugees has strained resources and added pressure on the government, leading to humanitarian concerns and a challenging security environment.
Armenia is currently realigning its foreign policy, moving away from its traditional reliance on Russia and seeking closer ties with Western countries, particularly the United States. This strategic shift is influenced by regional geopolitical dynamics, including Russia's reduced engagement in the South Caucasus due to its focus on the war in Ukraine, and Azerbaijan’s growing influence in the region.
Protests erupted in 2020 following Armenia’s defeat in the war with Azerbaijan, and these protests have continued sporadically since, escalating in late 2023 after the latest skirmishes. Critics accuse the government of making concessions that have weakened
Armenia’s geopolitical position, and opposition groups frequently stage demonstrations calling for the resignation of the government.
Another factor contributing to civic unrest is Armenia’s shift in foreign policy. Traditionally aligned with Russia, Armenia has increasingly sought closer ties with the West, particularly the United States and the European Union. This pivot has caused tensions within Armenia, where some factions view distancing from Russia as risky given Armenia's reliance on Russian security guarantees.
This geopolitical shift has intensified internal debates about the country's future direction. Unrest has not yet escalated into widespread violence, the situation remains volatile, with ongoing protests reflecting deep societal divisions over Armenia’s future.
Natural Disasters: Armenia is located in a seismically active zone, and the risk of earthquakes poses a major health emergency threat. The 1988 Spitak earthquake, which caused thousands of deaths and injuries, remains a stark reminder of the potential for disaster. The country's preparedness and response to such emergencies have improved, but rural areas may still struggle with infrastructure and immediate response capacities.
Visiting Armenia FAQsHealth Emergencies in Armenia
Health emergencies in Armenia are shaped by a mix of factors, including environmental conditions, economic challenges, and access to healthcare. Here are some of the key health concerns:
Infectious Diseases: While Armenia has made strides in controlling infectious diseases, certain risks remain, particularly with tuberculosis (TB) and hepatitis A. TB remains a public health issue, especially in rural areas where healthcare access may be limited. Hepatitis A, typically spread through contaminated food or water, is also a concern, especially for travelers.
Air Pollution: In cities like Yerevan, air pollution can be a significant concern, particularly during the colder months when many people rely on wood or other fuels for heating. This can exacerbate respiratory conditions such as asthma and bronchitis, leading to seasonal health emergencies.
Access to Healthcare: While Armenia has a universal healthcare system, access to quality medical services can be uneven, particularly between urban and rural areas. Rural populations may face delays in receiving emergency care, and the health system is often strained by the high cost of treatment for chronic conditions.
To mitigate health risks, travelers to Armenia should ensure they are up to date on vaccinations, especially for Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, and tetanus. It’s also advisable to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies.
Key Security Issues
The security situation in Nagorno-Karabakh remains volatile, and travel to this region is highly discouraged. Following the 2020 conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan, a ceasefire was established, but tensions have continued to flare up, particularly in 2023. Recent clashes have escalated, and Azerbaijan now controls much of the territory that was previously disputed, including Nagorno-Karabakh. The region is now considered highly unstable due to ongoing tensions and the presence of landmines.
The border between Armenia and Azerbaijan remains closed, and military engagements have occurred along this border. Due to the unpredictable nature of ceasefires and the possibility of renewed hostilities, the area is deemed dangerous, with international governments advising against all travel to the Nagorno-Karabakh region. Visitors are strongly urged to avoid travel to this area, as it is unsafe, and services such as emergency assistance are limited due to restricted access.
For those planning travel to Armenia or the surrounding regions, it's essential to remain informed of current events and follow official travel advisories.
Finally, is not recommended to take photographs of military bases or government buildings, as you may be fined. Make sure to seek permission from local authorities before taking such photographs.
Crime in Armenia
Armenia is generally considered a safe country with low levels of violent crime, especially when compared to other countries in the region. However, like in many countries, petty crime such as pickpocketing, theft, and scams can occur, particularly in urban areas and popular tourist destinations.
Petty Crime: The most common crimes in Armenia are pickpocketing and bag-snatching, particularly in crowded places such as public transport, markets, and tourist sites in cities like Yerevan. Tourists are advised to be vigilant with their personal belongings, especially in busy areas.
Violent Crime: Violent crime, including assault and armed robbery, is relatively rare in Armenia. The country’s low crime rate makes it a generally safe destination for both residents and tourists. Most reported violent incidents are linked to personal disputes rather than random attacks on foreigners or tourists.
Organized Crime: While organized crime exists, particularly connected to smuggling and drug trafficking, it is not a widespread problem affecting everyday life or tourists. The Armenian government has worked to curb such activities, particularly in cooperation with international law enforcement.
Cybercrime: As internet use increases, cybercrime is becoming more of a concern in Armenia. This includes online fraud, identity theft, and hacking, although the risk for tourists is generally low.
Global Travel AdvisoriesFAQs for visiting Armenia
You can find the following embassies in Armenia for the US and UK:
U.S. Embassy Yerevan
1 American Avenue,
Yerevan,
0082,
Armenia
Telephone: +374 10 464700
Telephone: +374 10 494444 (Out of hours)
Email: [email protected] (General inquiries)
Email: [email protected] (Immigrant visa)
Email: [email protected] (American Citizen Services)
British Embassy Yerevan
34 Baghramyan Avenue,
Yerevan,
0019
Armenia
Telephone: +3374 10 264301
Email: [email protected]
Email: [email protected]
Visa requirements for visiting Armenia depend on your nationality and the purpose of your visit. Here’s an overview:
Visa-Free Entry:
Citizens of several countries, including most European Union member states, the United States, Canada, Russia, and several other nations, can enter Armenia without a visa for up to 180 days within a year for tourism or business purposes. No prior visa application is needed, and travelers can enter with just a valid passport.
e-Visa:
For citizens of certain countries who are not visa-exempt, Armenia offers an e-Visa. Travelers can apply online before arrival. The e-Visa is typically valid for stays of up to 21 or 120 days, depending on the type requested.
You can apply for the e-Visa through the official Armenia e-Visa portal.
Visa on Arrival:
Nationals of certain countries can obtain a visa on arrival at Yerevan Zvartnots International Airport or at other land borders. The visa is typically valid for 21 or 120 days, similar to the e-Visa. However, it’s advisable to check with Armenian authorities beforehand to confirm eligibility.
Work or Long-Term Visas:
If you plan to stay in Armenia for purposes such as work, study, or long-term residency, you will need to apply for a special visa before your arrival. This visa can be obtained through Armenian embassies or consulates.
Border officials have the right to ask for:
Your contact details
Your onward or return travel tickets
Proof of a hotel booking or other accommodation details
For up-to-date visa information, consult Armenia’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia or your nearest Armenian embassy/consulate.
In recent years, there have been no large-scale terrorist attacks within Armenia.
However, the country has faced internal security challenges related to political tensions, including reports of attempted coups and the involvement of militant groups. In 2023, the Armenian government arrested individuals accused of plotting terrorist activities linked to both domestic and regional conflicts. There have also been concerns about the proliferation of weapons following the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war, contributing to the potential for future incidents involving radicalized groups. Armenia remains vigilant, particularly as political tensions continue.
Armenia does not face significant threats from Islamic terrorism. The country, which is predominantly Christian, has historically been less exposed to Islamic extremist activities than neighboring regions. Most of Armenia’s security challenges stem from geopolitical tensions with Azerbaijan and domestic political unrest rather than Islamic terrorism.
However, the region’s proximity to conflict zones in the Middle East and the presence of radicalized individuals in some neighboring countries require continued vigilance from Armenian authorities. So far, the country has maintained a relatively secure environment in this regard.
Before visiting Armenia, it's essential to ensure you're up to date on several vaccinations and immunizations to protect against potential health risks. Here are the recommended vaccines:
Routine Vaccinations: Make sure you're up to date on standard vaccines, including:
- Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR)
- Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTP)
- Polio
- Influenza
Hepatitis A: This is recommended for all travelers, as you can contract Hepatitis A through contaminated food or water in Armenia.
Hepatitis B: If you plan to have close contact with local residents or engage in activities that may expose you to bodily fluids, such as healthcare work, this vaccine is recommended.
Typhoid: Particularly advised if you're traveling to rural areas or eating outside of major tourist hubs where food hygiene may be less regulated.
Rabies: While not common in urban centers, rabies vaccination is recommended if you plan to engage in outdoor activities, such as hiking or camping, or if you expect to be in close contact with animals.
Lyme Disease: is not prevalent in Armenia. Lyme disease is primarily spread by ticks that carry the Borrelia bacteria, commonly found in North America, Europe, and parts of Asia. In Armenia, the risk of contracting Lyme disease is considered low compared to other regions.
It's always advisable to consult with a healthcare provider or travel clinic at least 4–6 weeks before your trip to ensure you're fully protected based on your specific health history and travel itinerary.
Public Transportation in Armenia
Armenia offers various public transportation options, particularly in its larger cities and between major destinations:
Public transportation:
Public transportation in Armenia is affordable and functional, especially in urban areas like Yerevan. The city has a metro system with one line that runs through key parts of the capital. The bus and marshrutka (minibus) networks cover most urban and rural areas, although marshrutkas can be crowded and less comfortable. For intercity travel, buses and minibuses connect major cities and towns. However, schedules may not always be consistent in rural areas.
Taxis:
Taxis are widely available and inexpensive, but travelers should agree on a fare in advance or ensure the meter is used. In Yerevan, ride-hailing services like Yandex.Taxi are also popular and more reliable for pricing.
Driving in Armenia with a Foreign License
You can drive in Armenia with a foreign driving license for up to one year. For tourists, having an International Driving Permit (IDP) is recommended, particularly if your license is not in Armenian or Russian.
Driving habits in Armenia can be unpredictable, with aggressive driving, especially in cities. Be cautious of pedestrian crossings, as pedestrians do not always have the right of way. For traveling to remote areas, renting a four-wheel-drive vehicle is advisable due to rough terrain.
Road Conditions in Armenia
Urban Areas: In cities like Yerevan, roads are generally well-maintained, with paved streets, clear signage, and traffic lights. However, traffic congestion, especially during peak hours, can be an issue.
Rural Areas: Roads in rural and mountainous regions can be in poor condition, with potholes, unpaved surfaces, and inadequate lighting. These roads are also often narrow, winding, and may lack guardrails, especially in remote or high-altitude areas like the Lori or Syunik regions.
Weather Impact: In winter, snow and ice can make driving hazardous, particularly in rural and mountainous areas. Landslides and rockfalls are also a risk in certain regions.
While driving in Armenia can be manageable in urban centers, it's recommended to use a four-wheel-drive vehicle for rural areas and be prepared for varying conditions.
Our closest office
For any enquiries about our security services in Armenia, please contact our London office and our team will assist you.
Intelligent Protection International
330 High Holborn
WC1V 7QT
London
United Kingdom
Telephone: +44 207 4566740
Email: [email protected]
Disclaimer
You are responsible for your own safety abroad and for making the decision to travel. The information contained in this Travel Advice for Armenia is provided for information only.
Whilst care is taken to ensure that this country brief is as up-to-date and accurate as possible, it is provided on an “as is” basis without any representation or endorsement made and without warranty of any kind, express or implied. Intelligent Protection International Limited does not assume responsibility and shall not be liable for any damages in connection to the information provided.