Brazil Travel Advice
Brazil is a vast and diverse country in South America, known for its rich cultural heritage, stunning natural landscapes, and vibrant economy.
Brazil is the largest country in South America and the fifth-largest in the world. It shares borders with nearly every country in South America except Chile and Ecuador. Brazil is divided into five main regions: North, Northeast, Central-West, Southeast, and South. Each region has distinct geographical features, from the Amazon Rainforest in the North to the arid Sertão in the Northeast and the Pantanal wetlands in the Central-West.
The climate ranges from tropical in the Amazon to more temperate conditions in the South. The coastal regions experience a tropical climate, while areas further inland can be hot and dry.
Brazil has one of the largest economies in Latin America and is a leading global producer of agricultural and natural resources, including coffee, soybeans, sugarcane, iron ore, and oil. Key sectors include agriculture, mining, manufacturing, and services. Brazil is a major player in renewable energy production, particularly hydropower and biofuels, and its tech sector is rapidly growing, especially in urban hubs like São Paulo.
Economic inequality, inflation, and political instability have impacted growth, but Brazil remains a significant emerging market with global influence in energy and agriculture.
The country is known for its diverse cultural influences, including Indigenous, African, and Portuguese heritage, seen in music, dance, cuisine, and festivals. Portuguese is the official language, making Brazil the only Portuguese-speaking country in the Americas. Roman Catholicism has historically been dominant, though Evangelical Protestantism has seen significant growth in recent years.
Brazil attracts tourists with its beautiful beaches (e.g., Copacabana in Rio de Janeiro), natural wonders (e.g., Iguazu Falls and the Amazon), and historic sites (e.g., Salvador’s colonial architecture). The country is an ecotourism hotspot due to its rainforests, wetlands, and diverse ecosystems, offering activities like wildlife observation, hiking, and river cruises.
Visiting Brazil FAQsHire a bodyguard in Brazil
If you are interested in hiring a bodyguard for your travel to Brazil, please visit our website for our Executive Protection operations across Latin America.
Key Information for Brazil
Emergency Services
Police emergency: 190
Tourist Police: (Rio de Janeiro) 021 3399 7170
Tourist Police: (Sao Paulo) 011 3214 0209 or 011 3107 5642
Federal Highway Police: 191
State Highway Police: 198
Fire emergency: 193
Medical emergency: 193
Country Overview
Capital City: BrasÍlia
Official State Language(s): Portuguese
Official State Religion(s): Christianity (Roman Catholicism)
State Currency: Brazilian Real (R$)
Current Capital Time:
How safe is Brazil?
Brazil’s security environment reflects a combination of public safety issues, organized crime, and emerging geopolitical dynamics. Here’s an in-depth look at each area:
Crime and Public Safety
Urban Crime: Crime remains a significant concern in Brazil, with high rates of violent incidents such as murder, armed robbery, and carjackings. Cities like Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo experience frequent violent crime, impacting both residents and tourists. In urban areas, assaults involving sedatives or drugs placed in drinks have been reported, adding another layer of risk for travelers.
Travelers are advised to avoid informal housing areas, known as favelas, where law enforcement presence is limited, and gang activity is common. In Brasilia, certain administrative regions, often referred to as “satellite cities,” have higher crime rates at night, and U.S. government personnel are restricted from visiting these areas after dark. Public buses across Brazil have also been identified as high-risk for robbery, especially at night, and even government agencies discourage their use by staff due to security concerns.
Organized Crime and Police Action
Organized crime is prevalent, with drug trafficking and arms smuggling among the main activities of Brazil’s criminal organizations. Groups like the Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC) and Comando Vermelho (CV) control various regions, often resulting in violent territorial disputes and clashes with law enforcement. This gang influence extends to prison systems, where factions have significant power and often coordinate illegal activities beyond prison walls.
Police and Security Measures: To combat the high level of gang-related violence, Brazilian security forces conduct frequent operations in crime-heavy areas. These operations often result in confrontations with armed gangs, leading to collateral violence and, occasionally, civilian casualties. In response to these issues, Brazilian states have begun conditioning federal funding on reductions in police-involved fatalities. This policy is part of a broader national effort to decrease excessive force, following a Supreme Court order for Rio de Janeiro to reduce police violence in its security plans.
Brazil’s police force faces criticism for alleged human rights abuses, with reports of disproportionate force in impoverished neighborhoods. The government and Supreme Court have directed law enforcement to address these concerns by setting specific targets for reducing police violence, particularly in urban neighborhoods where tensions are highest.
Geopolitical Challenges and Domestic Stability
Global Influence: Brazil’s geopolitical stance has shifted toward a more balanced, neutral position on the global stage. As a member of BRICS and G20, Brazil plays a key role in the Global South’s diplomatic landscape, advocating for economic cooperation while remaining cautious of becoming entangled in broader geopolitical conflicts. This positioning is beneficial, as Brazil stands to gain from its status as a reliable food and energy producer in a world where these resources are increasingly politicized.
Resource and Trade Opportunities: Brazil has significant natural resources, including minerals crucial for green technologies like nickel and graphite. While environmental concerns may challenge resource extraction, there is potential for investment growth in these sectors as the global demand for sustainable resources rises. The country’s role in supplying resources essential for renewable energy and food security also strengthens its economic position amidst global instability.
Domestic Political Polarization: Brazil’s political landscape remains polarized, with sharp divisions between supporters of President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and former President Jair Bolsonaro. Public distrust in the political system has created a climate where misinformation can quickly spread, further destabilizing the political environment. This internal division could affect governance, especially with municipal elections approaching, where the use of AI and misinformation poses a new challenge for regulatory bodies aiming to ensure fair campaigning and media accuracy.
Visiting Brazil FAQsHealth Emergencies in Brazil
Brazil faces a range of health emergencies, influenced by its tropical climate, population density, and socioeconomic factors. Key health concerns include:
Public Hospitals and Health Centers:
Infectious Diseases:
Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya: Brazil has regular outbreaks of mosquito-borne diseases, especially in warmer months. Dengue fever is particularly common in urban areas, with cases often spiking during the rainy season due to stagnant water that breeds mosquitoes. Zika and chikungunya, though less frequent, still pose a risk, particularly for pregnant women, as Zika can lead to birth defects.
Malaria: Malaria cases are primarily concentrated in the Amazon Basin in northern Brazil, where the risk of transmission is highest. Efforts to control malaria have included widespread distribution of mosquito nets, community education, and rapid diagnostic testing in high-risk areas.
Yellow Fever: Brazil experienced significant yellow fever outbreaks in recent years. Vaccination is recommended for travelers to certain areas, particularly forested and rural regions. Many public health initiatives focus on preventing yellow fever through vaccination campaigns in high-risk zones.
Respiratory Illnesses:
Tuberculosis (TB): Brazil has a relatively high incidence of tuberculosis, particularly among low-income and urban populations. The country has implemented the National Tuberculosis Control Program to improve diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring, especially targeting vulnerable communities.
Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs):
Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes: As Brazil's population ages, chronic conditions like heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes are on the rise. Lifestyle factors, including diet and lack of physical activity, contribute to these health issues. Public health campaigns increasingly focus on preventive measures, including nutrition education, exercise promotion, and regular screenings.
Cancer: Cancer rates are increasing, with breast and prostate cancer among the most common types. Brazil has developed specialized oncology centers and preventive screenings to address cancer care needs, although access can be challenging in remote areas.
Maternal and Child Health:
Infant and Maternal Mortality: Brazil has made significant progress in reducing infant and maternal mortality rates, yet challenges remain in rural and marginalized areas. Healthcare access during pregnancy and childbirth varies greatly across regions, with poorer areas experiencing higher mortality rates. Government programs aim to improve maternal health through expanded access to prenatal and postnatal care.
Malnutrition and Childhood Illnesses: Malnutrition and associated health issues still affect certain regions, particularly in the Amazon and Northeast Brazil. Initiatives to address child malnutrition focus on improved nutrition education, food security programs, and breastfeeding support in underserved communities.
Environmental Health Risks:
Air and Water Pollution: Air pollution is a concern in urban areas, particularly in cities with heavy industrial activity. Poor air quality contributes to respiratory illnesses, and efforts to reduce emissions are ongoing. In rural areas, access to clean water is limited, leading to waterborne illnesses like diarrhea and hepatitis A.
Deforestation and Vector-Borne Diseases: Deforestation, particularly in the Amazon, contributes to increased exposure to vector-borne diseases like malaria. Deforestation disrupts ecosystems, bringing people closer to disease vectors and increasing health risks.
Emergency Health Infrastructure:
Healthcare Access and Inequality: Brazil’s healthcare system, the SUS (Sistema Único de Saúde), provides universal coverage but faces challenges such as underfunding, staffing shortages, and access disparities. Urban centers generally have well-equipped facilities, while rural and remote regions face resource limitations.
FAQs for Brazil
You can find the following embassies in Brazil for the US and UK:
U.S. Embassy BrasÍlia
Quadra 801 - Conjunto K - Lote 03,
Av. das Nações - Asa Sul,
CEP 70403-900 BrasÍlia,
Brazil
Telephone: +55 61 3312-7000
Emergency Telephone out of hours: +55 61 3312-7400
Telephone: +55 21 3823 2000 (Rio de Janeiro)
Telephone: +55 11 3250 5000 (São Paulo)
Email: [email protected]
Email: [email protected] (Rio de Janeiro)
Email: [email protected] (São Paulo)
British Embassy BrasÍlia
Quadra 801 - Conjunto K - Lote 08,
Av. das Nações - Asa Sul,
CEP 70408-900 BrasÍlia,
Brazil
Telephone: +55 61 3329 2300
Telephone: +55 21 2555 9600 (Rio de Janeiro)
Telephone: +55 11 3094 2700 (São Paulo)
Telephone: +55 81 2127 02000 (Recife)
Email: [email protected] (Rio de Janeiro)
Email: [email protected] (Consular enquiries)
Email: [email protected] (São Paulo)
Email: [email protected] (Recife)
The visa requirements for visiting Brazil depend on your nationality, the purpose of your visit, and the length of stay. Here’s an overview:
Visa-Free Entry for Short Stays:
United States, Canada, Australia, United Kingdom, EU, and Schengen Zone Countries: Citizens from these countries can enter Brazil without a visa for tourism, business, or transit purposes. The maximum stay allowed is 90 days, with the option to extend for an additional 90 days, totaling 180 days per year.
Mercosur Countries (Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, etc.): Citizens of Mercosur countries can enter Brazil without a visa and stay for up to 90 days, with the possibility of extension. Additionally, Mercosur nationals can enter using a valid ID card, as Brazil and these countries have mutual agreements for ease of entry.
eVisa for Certain Nationalities:
eVisa Program: While Brazil previously had an eVisa program, it was suspended in 2019 for citizens from many countries, including the U.S., Canada, Australia, and Japan. However, new eVisa options may be introduced in the future, so checking with a Brazilian consulate or embassy is recommended for updates.
Tourist Visa (VIVIS) for Required Nationalities:
Short-Stay Visa (VIVIS): Nationals from countries that do not qualify for visa-free travel to Brazil must obtain a short-stay tourist visa (VIVIS) for visits up to 90 days. This visa can be applied for at a Brazilian embassy or consulate, and the documents typically required include a passport valid for at least six months, proof of financial means, a return ticket, and proof of accommodation.
Temporary Visas for Long Stays (Study, Work, Family):
Work, Study, and Residency Visas: For stays longer than 90 days, such as for employment, study, or residency purposes, a temporary visa is required. These visas include VITEM I (cultural exchange), VITEM IV (study), VITEM V (work), and VITEM XI (family reunion).
Application Requirements: Applications are processed at Brazilian consulates, and requirements include a passport, visa application form, employment or university acceptance letters, proof of sufficient funds, and sometimes a background check.
Digital Nomad Visa:
Brazil offers a Digital Nomad Visa for remote workers who wish to stay in the country while working for a foreign employer. Applicants must prove remote employment, income sources outside Brazil, and meet the minimum income threshold. This visa allows stays of up to one year, with the possibility of renewal.
Visa Extensions:
Extension Process: For those eligible, extensions of up to 90 days can be requested through the Federal Police in Brazil. Extensions must be requested before the initial 90-day period expires, and not all visa types are eligible for renewal.
Checking with a Brazilian consulate or embassy before traveling is advisable, as visa requirements can change based on international agreements and policy updates.
Recent terrorist-related activities in Brazil are primarily linked to international groups rather than domestic incidents. Authorities have focused on intercepting activities from groups like Hezbollah, known to have a presence in Brazil’s Tri-Border Area (shared with Argentina and Paraguay). This region is of high concern for financing and smuggling activities tied to terrorism. Additionally, the January 2023 storming of government buildings by far-right activists in Brasilia was labeled a "terrorist act" by Brazilian leaders, reflecting political tensions and potential for domestic instability.
To address risks, Brazil has bolstered its counter-terrorism framework, particularly after global events like the 2016 Olympics. Legislative measures, including anti-terror financing and intelligence cooperation, aim to prevent terror-related activities and bolster security in areas with higher vulnerability.
Before traveling to Brazil, it’s important to make sure your vaccinations are current, considering your personal health history and travel plans. Below is a list of recommended vaccines for travelers:
Routine Vaccinations:
Ensure you are up to date on all routine vaccinations, including:
- MMR (Measles, Mumps, and Rubella)
- Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTP)
- Polio
- Varicella (Chickenpox)
- Influenza
Hepatitis A:
Hepatitis A is spread through contaminated food or water, and it is recommended for all travelers visiting Portugal, as it can be contracted even in cities with good sanitation.
Hepatitis B:
Spread through contact with blood or bodily fluids, Hepatitis B is recommended for those who may engage in activities involving close contact with the local population or those requiring medical procedures.
Rabies:
Recommended for travelers who plan to engage in outdoor activities, work with animals, or spend extended periods in rural areas in Brazil.
Yellow Fever:
Strongly recommended if traveling to certain rural or forested areas. Check the latest risk map, as some areas of Brazil have active transmission.
Typhoid:
Advised if traveling to regions with limited sanitation.
Lyme disease:
If you plan to spend time in rural or forested areas of Brazil, be aware of tick-borne illnesses, such as Lyme disease. While not widespread, it’s a good idea to take precautions like insect repellent and tick checks after outdoor activities.
Public Transportation in Brazil:
Brazil’s public transportation system is extensive and generally effective in urban areas, though experiences vary between regions. Here’s a more detailed look:
Buses: Buses are the most widely used mode of transportation in Brazil. They connect almost all cities and towns, offering both local and intercity routes. In larger cities like São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, buses are frequent and affordable, although they can be crowded, particularly during rush hours. Long-distance buses are also popular for traveling between states, with services often including comfortable amenities like air conditioning and reclining seats.
Metro Systems: Major cities like São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Brasília have metro systems. São Paulo’s metro is the most extensive and offers a reliable way to travel quickly around the city. It connects well with the city’s bus network, making it an efficient way to get around. Rio de Janeiro’s metro is smaller but connects key areas of the city, including tourist zones like Copacabana. Brasília’s metro is less extensive but helps relieve traffic between the city center and residential areas.
Trains: While trains for passenger travel are less common, some regions like São Paulo offer commuter rail options for suburban residents. The rail network is underdeveloped compared to bus and metro systems, and trains are mostly used for freight rather than passenger services outside of metro areas.
Ride-Sharing and Taxis: Ride-sharing apps such as Uber, 99, and Cabify are widely available in urban areas, providing convenient, affordable alternatives to traditional taxis. Ride-sharing is particularly popular among tourists for its reliability and lower cost compared to taxis, especially for airport transfers or trips at odd hours. Taxis are also available, though prices tend to be higher and may vary significantly depending on the city.
Bicycles and Scooters: Some cities, especially Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, have introduced bike-sharing programs and dedicated bike lanes. While bicycle infrastructure is limited compared to other countries, it’s growing in popularity, especially along coastal areas and parks.
Driving in Brazil:
Driving with a Foreign License: Tourists and visitors can drive in Brazil using their valid foreign driver’s license for up to 180 days. For licenses not in Portuguese or Spanish, an International Driving Permit (IDP) is recommended, which translates essential details of the license.
Road Conditions: Brazil has a mix of well-maintained highways and rougher rural roads. Major roads between cities are generally well-kept, while rural and less-trafficked roads may lack proper signage, lighting, or smooth paving. Many highways are toll roads, especially near urban areas and tourist routes. Traffic can be heavy in larger cities, particularly during rush hours.
Traffic Laws and Safety: Brazil has strict driving laws, including a zero-tolerance policy for drinking and driving, with regular enforcement, especially in urban areas. Seat belts are mandatory for all passengers, and mobile phone use without a hands-free device is prohibited. Traffic congestion in major cities like São Paulo and Rio can be severe, and street parking may be challenging to find, especially in central areas.
Car Rentals: Car rental agencies are available at major airports and cities. Renting a car is popular for travelers heading to remote beaches, national parks, or regions without extensive public transport. Drivers typically need to be at least 21 and may need a credit card for security. Additional insurance is recommended, particularly for those traveling long distances or through rural areas.
Public transport covers most needs in urban areas, while driving offers flexibility, especially for exploring Brazil’s less accessible natural landscapes.
Our closest office
For any inquiries regarding our security services in Brazil, please reach out to our UK Head Office, where our team will be happy to assist you.
Intelligent Protection International Limited
The Leas,
Eastington,
Gloucestershire,
GL103SQ,
United Kingdom
Telephone: +44 1453 791444
Email: [email protected]
Disclaimer
You are responsible for your own safety abroad and for making the decision to travel. The information contained in this Travel Advice for Brazil is provided for information only.
Whilst care is taken to ensure that this country brief is as up-to-date and accurate as possible, it is provided on an “as is” basis without any representation or endorsement made and without warranty of any kind, express or implied. Intelligent Protection International Limited does not assume responsibility and shall not be liable for any damages in connection to the information provided.