Kenya Travel Advice
Kenya is a vibrant country located in East Africa, known for its stunning landscapes, rich wildlife, and diverse cultural heritage.
Kenya is bordered by Ethiopia to the north, Somalia to the east, Tanzania to the south, Uganda to the west, and the Indian Ocean to the southeast. The country has significant influence in both regional and global contexts due to its economic strength, strategic location, and cultural depth.
Kenya has a population of around 55 million people, making it one of the most populous countries in Africa. Nairobi, the capital, is the largest city and a major regional hub, while Mombasa is the main coastal city and port.
Kenya is ethnically diverse, with over 40 ethnic groups. The largest groups include the Kikuyu, Luhya, Luo, and Kalenjin. The Maasai and Samburu peoples are particularly famous for their traditional customs and way of life.
Kenya's climate varies due to its diverse geography. Coastal regions enjoy tropical weather, while inland areas, including Nairobi, have a more temperate climate. The northern and northeastern regions are arid, while areas around Mount Kenya experience cooler conditions.
Kenya is East Africa's largest economy, with agriculture playing a major role. The country is one of the world’s leading exporters of tea and coffee, and it also has a growing horticulture industry. Tourism is another critical sector, with Kenya being famous for its safaris and wildlife, especially in parks like the Maasai Mara, Amboseli, and Tsavo.
Nairobi is recognized as a technological hub, often called "Silicon Savannah". It is home to many startups and tech companies, particularly in the mobile payment sector, with innovations like M-Pesa revolutionizing financial services.
Visiting Kenya FAQsHire a bodyguard in Kenya
If you are interested in hiring a bodyguard for your travel to Kenya, please visit our website for our Bodyguard Services in Kenya.
Key Information for Kenya
Emergency Services
Police emergency: 999
Police emergency: 020 272 4154 or 020 355 6771
Medical emergency: 999 or 112
AMREF Flying Doctors: 315454/5
Fire emergency: 999 or 112
Country Overview
Capital City: Nairobi
Official State Language(s): English & Swahili
Official State Religion(s): Christianity
State Currency: Kenyan Shilling (KES)
Current Capital Time:
How safe is Kenya?
The security situation in Kenya has evolved significantly in recent years.
The current security situation in Kenya requires travelers to exercise heightened caution due to various risks, including terrorism, violent crime, and civil unrest. While many parts of the country are safe for tourists, certain regions pose higher risks.
Key Security Concerns:
Terrorism: Kenya has faced several terrorist attacks in the past, primarily attributed to Al-Shabaab, a militant group based in neighboring Somalia. Areas like Nairobi, Mombasa, and parts of coastal and northeastern Kenya have been targeted, including public spaces such as shopping malls, hotels, and places of worship. Recently, several European countries and the U.S. have issued warnings about potential terrorist attacks in Nairobi, urging travelers to avoid crowded areas frequented by foreigners.
Violent Crime: Crime such as carjackings, muggings, and home invasions is a significant issue, especially in urban areas. Nairobi neighborhoods like Eastleigh and Kibera, as well as certain parts of Laikipia and Turkana counties, have been highlighted for their higher crime rates. It’s advised to avoid walking alone after dark, and tourists should remain vigilant when traveling, particularly in public transportation hubs.
Political Protests: Political protests in Kenya are common, often linked to election disputes, economic issues, or governance concerns. Election-related tensions peaked during the 2007-2008 post-election violence, and more recently in the 2022 presidential election, where demonstrations followed the contested results. These protests frequently turn violent, with clashes between demonstrators and police, especially in Nairobi and western Kenya.
Anti-government protests in 2023 and 2024, driven by economic grievances like the rising cost of living, led to disruptions in business and public services. The government often deploys security forces, resulting in clashes and fatalities.
These demonstrations significantly impact Kenya’s economy, causing transport blockages and closures of businesses and schools.
High-Risk Regions: The Kenya-Somalia border region, including Mandera, Garissa, and Wajir counties, is particularly dangerous due to terrorist activities and kidnappings. Other areas, such as parts of Lamu and Kilifi counties and the South Sudan and Ethiopia borders, also pose significant risks, and travel to these regions is not recommended.
In response to these threats, Kenya has increased security measures, particularly in major cities like Nairobi, where heavily armed police patrol public spaces to mitigate risks. Tourists are advised to stay alert, avoid high-risk areas, and take safety precautions throughout their stay.
Visiting Kenya FAQsHealth Emergencies in Kenya
In the event of a health emergency while in Kenya, it is important to be familiar with the country's healthcare infrastructure and understand the precautions you should take. Here's a breakdown of the key aspects of health emergencies in Kenya:
Healthcare Infrastructure:
Public Healthcare: Kenya's public healthcare system has limited resources, particularly in rural areas, where medical facilities may lack essential equipment, medications, and trained personnel. Public hospitals in urban centers like Nairobi and Mombasa are better equipped, but wait times and access to care can still be problematic.
Private Healthcare: Kenya has well-regarded private hospitals in urban areas, including facilities such as Nairobi Hospital, Aga Khan University Hospital, and Mater Hospital. These hospitals offer higher standards of care compared to public hospitals but can be expensive, with upfront payments required.
Pharmacies: Pharmacies are widely available in urban areas, but availability of certain medications can be limited, particularly outside the cities.
Emergency Services:
Ambulance Services: Emergency medical services (EMS) are limited, and response times can be slow, especially outside major cities. In many cases, it is faster to arrange your own transport to the nearest hospital. Some private hospitals, such as Nairobi Hospital, offer ambulance services, but these may come at a high cost.
Emergency Numbers: The national emergency number in Kenya is 999, though reliability can vary, especially in rural regions.
Common Health Risks:
Malaria: Malaria is endemic in many parts of Kenya, particularly in coastal regions and rural areas. Nairobi and high-altitude areas are generally malaria-free. Travelers are advised to take antimalarial medication and adopt mosquito prevention measures like using insect repellent and sleeping under treated mosquito nets.
Typhoid and Cholera: Waterborne diseases, such as typhoid and cholera, are common, especially in areas with poor sanitation. Travelers should drink bottled or boiled water and avoid street food.
Yellow Fever: Yellow fever vaccination is required for travelers coming from countries with a risk of yellow fever transmission.
Other Diseases: HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis have higher prevalence rates in Kenya, particularly in certain regions. Visitors should take precautions where necessary.
Kenya's healthcare system varies greatly between urban and rural areas, with private hospitals offering better care than public facilities. Travelers should take preventive health measures, secure comprehensive health insurance, and be aware of prevalent diseases like malaria and waterborne illnesses. In serious health emergencies, medical evacuation may be required.
FAQs for visiting Kenya
You can find the following embassies in Kenya for the US and UK:
U.S. Embassy Nairobi
United Nations Avenue
Gigiri,
Nairobi,
Kenya
Telephone: +254 20 363 6451
Emergency telephone: +254 20 363 6000
Fax: +254 20 363 6501
Email: [email protected]
British High Commission Nairobi
Upper Hill Road,
P.O. Box 30465-00100,
Nairobi,
Kenya
Telephone: +254 20 287 3000
Telephone: +254 20 284 4000
Email: [email protected]
Email: [email protected]
To visit Kenya, the visa requirements depend on your nationality and the purpose of your visit. Here's a breakdown of the common visa options:
Visa-Exempt Countries:
Citizens of select countries are exempt from visa requirements and can enter Kenya visa-free for a stay of up to 90 days. These countries include Uganda, Tanzania, and Rwanda, which are part of the East African Community (EAC).
Additionally, citizens of a few other nations such as Botswana, Burundi, Ethiopia, South Sudan, and Zambia also enjoy visa-free entry.
eVisa (Electronic Visa):
Most travelers, including those from the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, and European Union countries, need an eVisa to enter Kenya.
You can apply for an eVisa online via the official Kenya eVisa portal. The eVisa is typically granted for single-entry, transit, or multiple-entry purposes, and it is valid for up to 90 days.
Processing time is usually within 2-3 business days, and the application process requires a valid passport, recent photo, travel itinerary, and proof of accommodation.
Visa on Arrival (Limited Option):
As of January 2021, Kenya phased out the Visa on Arrival option for most travelers, transitioning to the online eVisa system. However, some regional travelers or in special cases may still be able to receive a visa on arrival, but this is rare.
East Africa Tourist Visa:
For those looking to visit Kenya, Uganda, and Rwanda on a single trip, the East Africa Tourist Visa is a great option. This multi-country visa allows travelers to move freely between the three countries for up to 90 days. You can apply for this visa online or at embassies.
Transit Visa:
If you are transiting through Kenya and plan to leave the airport during a layover of fewer than 72 hours, you can apply for a transit visa.
Visa Extensions:
If you wish to extend your stay in Kenya beyond the allowed 90 days, you can apply for a visa extension at the Kenya Immigration Headquarters in Nairobi. Extensions are typically granted for an additional 90 days, provided the request is submitted before your visa expires.
Key Requirements for Most Visa Applications:
A passport valid for at least 6 months beyond your date of entry
- Visa application fee
- A recent passport-sized photo
- Proof of onward travel or return ticket
- Proof of accommodation (hotel booking or invitation letter)
It’s essential to apply for your visa in advance and ensure that you meet the specific entry requirements for your nationality. For more detailed or updated information, always refer to the official Kenya eVisa website or contact a Kenyan embassy or consulate.
Kenya continues to face significant terrorist threats, particularly from the Al-Shabaab militant group, which operates across the Kenya-Somalia border.
In 2024, there was an increase in Improvised Explosive Device (IED) attacks targeting Kenyan security forces and civilians, particularly in counties like Mandera, Lamu, and Garissa. These areas, close to the Somalia border, have seen Al-Shabaab militants frequently carry out ambushes, including attacks on military convoys and public transportation.
One notable incident occurred in June 2024, where multiple attacks over a short period led to the deaths of both Kenyan Defense Forces (KDF) soldiers and civilians. These incidents highlight the group's increasing use of IEDs, which are portable and devastating, posing significant risks to both security forces and road users in the region.
In addition to these cross-border attacks, Al-Shabaab continues to recruit vulnerable Kenyan youth, particularly in coastal and northeastern regions, leveraging social and economic grievances. The group's Kenyan affiliates have also been implicated in several domestic attacks, including targeted killings and ambushes.
While Kenya's security forces have made strides in counter-terrorism efforts, such as enhanced border patrols and intelligence-sharing operations, the threat from Al-Shabaab remains persistent. The government is focusing on both military action and community engagement to counter the group's influence and recruitment tactics.
Travelers to Kenya are advised to stay informed of security updates, especially in areas close to the Somalia border, and to avoid regions with a known Al-Shabaab presence.
Before visiting Kenya, it’s important to ensure that you have the necessary vaccines and immunizations to protect against various health risks. Here is a list of the recommended vaccinations:
Yellow Fever (Mandatory)
A yellow fever vaccination is required for entry into Kenya if you are traveling from a country with a risk of yellow fever transmission. You may need to show proof of vaccination, known as the International Certificate of Vaccination.
Routine Vaccines
Make sure you're up to date on routine vaccinations:
- MMR (Measles, Mumps, and Rubella)
- Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTP)
- Polio
- Varicella (Chickenpox)
- Influenza
Hepatitis A
Recommended because Hepatitis A can be contracted through contaminated food or water, a common risk in Kenya.
Hepatitis B
Recommended for travelers, especially if you might be exposed to blood or body fluids, such as through medical care or intimate contact.
Typhoid
Typhoid vaccination is recommended for most travelers, particularly if you're visiting rural areas or planning to eat street food.
Cholera (Optional)
The cholera vaccine may be recommended if you’re visiting areas with poor sanitation or during an outbreak.
Malaria Prevention
There is no malaria vaccine yet, but malaria is endemic in Kenya, particularly in lower-altitude areas such as the coast and western Kenya. Travelers should take antimalarial medications like Malarone or doxycycline and use preventive measures like insect repellent, mosquito nets, and long-sleeved clothing.
Rabies (Optional)
Consider the rabies vaccine if you plan to spend a lot of time outdoors or work with animals, especially in rural areas.
Meningococcal Meningitis
Meningitis vaccination is recommended, especially during the dry season or if you will be in crowded areas.
Summary:
To visit Kenya, ensure you're up to date on routine vaccinations, and consider vaccinations for yellow fever, hepatitis A & B, typhoid, and meningitis, depending on your activities. Malaria prevention is essential, and you should also consider rabies and cholera vaccines based on your specific travel plans.
Always consult a healthcare provider at least 4-6 weeks before traveling for personalized advice.
Public Transportation in Kenya:
Public transportation in Kenya is diverse but can be challenging to navigate, especially for first-time visitors. Here's an overview of the main options:
Matatus (Minibuses):
Matatus are the most common form of public transportation in Kenya. These are 14- or 25-seater minibuses that operate on fixed routes, both within cities and for long-distance travel between towns.
Fares are generally low, but matatus are known for their reckless driving, overcrowding, and lack of adherence to traffic rules. They are often colorful and have become a cultural symbol of Kenya, but they can be chaotic for first-time users.
Buses:
Larger buses operate in cities like Nairobi, Mombasa, and Kisumu. They are used for both local and long-distance routes, connecting major towns and cities across the country.
Long-distance buses are more comfortable than matatus and have fixed schedules. Companies like Modern Coast and Easy Coach offer long-distance travel with more reliable services.
Botorcycle Taxi:
Boda Bodas are motorcycle taxis commonly used for short distances, especially in rural areas. They are quick and convenient but can be dangerous due to high rates of accidents and poor adherence to traffic rules.
Always wear a helmet and agree on a fare before the trip.
Taxis and Ridrvices:
Taxis are widely available in urban centers, but it’s important to negotiate the fare in advance as they typically do not have meters.
Ride-hailing apps like Uber, Bolt, and Little Cab are popular in cities like Nairobi and Mombasa. These are generally safer and more reliable, as they provide transparent pricing and GPS tracking.
Trains:
The Standard Gauge Railway (SGR) connecting Nairobi to Mombasa. The SGR is modern and comfortable, making it a popular choice for long-distance travel between these cities. Local commuter trains also operate in Nairobi, connecting the city to its suburbs.
Driving in Kenya:
International Driving License:
Tourists can drive in Kenya using an International Driving Permit (IDP) or a valid foreign driving license for up to 90 days. If you plan to stay longer, you’ll need to convert your foreign license to a Kenyan driving license.
Road Conditions:
Roads in are generally paved and in good condition, but rural roads can be in poor shape, especially during the rainy season when they can become muddy and impassable.
Traffic in cities like Nairobi can be highly congested, and driving conditions may be challenging due to aggressive driving behaviors and limited enforcement of traffic rules.
Road Safety:
Be aware that road safety is a concern, with frequent accidents, particularly involving public transportation like matatus and boda bodas.
Defensive driving is highly recommended, as other road users may not always adhere to traffic laws.
Our closest office
For any enquiries about our security services in Kenya, please contact our London office and our team will assist you.
Intelligent Protection International
330 High Holborn
WC1V 7QT
London
United Kingdom
Telephone: +44 207 4566740
Email: [email protected]
Disclaimer
You are responsible for your own safety abroad and for making the decision to travel. The information contained in this Travel Advice for Kenya is provided for information only.
Whilst care is taken to ensure that this country brief is as up-to-date and accurate as possible, it is provided on an “as is” basis without any representation or endorsement made and without warranty of any kind, express or implied. Intelligent Protection International Limited does not assume responsibility and shall not be liable for any damages in connection to the information provided.